How to restore sounds on your computer

Computers can be changeable and unstable so if your computer suddenly stops producing sound, you need to know the reasons for it and address the problem properly. If you have money and time to spend, you could go to a professional computer technician to resolve the problem but you can also do some troubleshooting steps yourself.

A computer stops producing sound sometimes due to the uninstallation of the drivers to the sound card. What you need to do is to restore them. First, examine if the drivers are missing by opening your computer's Control Panel. You can press Ctrl + Esc to see the start menu and find the Control Panel at the right side. Then, click on System and click Hardware. Under this option, click Device Manager. If you find yellow exclamation marks beside the sound icon, that means that the sound card has to be restored since the drivers have been corrupted. You can take out the CD which came with the computer sound card. Alternatively, you can restore the sound card by downloading drivers from the net.

However, if you see no yellow exclamation marks, you don't have to do the step above. Check if the computer speaker cords are not loose nor unplugged and make sure that the cable is properly attached to the right outlet. You can exchange a few various cords. If this works, your computer sound will be restored.

If the steps above still don't work, you should examine the mute button on the Windows Taskbar and double-click the Windows Volume Control which looks like a speaker. Check if the sound has been muted. If it has, uncheck the box to unmute it. However, if you can't see any sound icon in the Taskbar, your sound card may need restoration. Use the CD which came with the sound card or download the appropriate drivers from the website of your sound card's manufacturer. This would solve the problem.

Also, you can change your speakers if you find that they are defective. Don't forget to keep the volume control up.

How to solve problems with System Restore

Using System Restore

If your computer starts acting up it could be many things causing the problem, from an update clashing with a program to problems caused by a new program you have installed to Windows just loosing the location of a system file. If you cannot solve the problem by more straight forward means such as uninstalling a program you can restore your computer to an earlier date using System Restore to wind back your system. Windows creates Restore Points every day the computer is turned on or you install a program.

Finding System Restore XP

First in XP close and save any open Documents. Click the Start Button and then All Programs - Accessories - System Tools - System Restore.

The Restore Wizard then starts

Using Vista

The procedure may be the same as XP. Sometimes however System Restore will not appear in the System Tools List. In this event go to Start - Control Panel. Then in the standard Control Panel View, not Classic View go to "View advanced system settings" at the bottom of the left hand pane. In the pop up window click the System Protection Tab and then System Restore

System Restore wizard

At this stage the Restore wizard will start. If you do not have problems but intend to make big changes to your Computer you can create your own Restore Point at this stage. Otherwise follow the wizard to restore your Computer to an earlier time. You will have a choice of Restore Points. Choose one from before your problems started. You have the option for the system to show you earlier Restore Points.

Bear in mind that although System Restore will not remove any of your documents or pictures it will remove any programs, updates and Network Settings installed after the Restore Point you choose.

At the conclusion of the Wizard the Restore process will start. This could take 15 minutes or longer. Your Computer will then restart and the Restore process is concluded at the end of the Restart. If the Restore does not solve the problem or if Windows comes up with a message that it could not restore the Computer try an earlier Restore point.

Other troubleshooting

Note that using this process is a fairly drastic step. No not use it for temporary problems like Computer crashes or screen freezes. The best solution for these is Task Manager. Get to this by holding down the keys Control, Alt and Delete simultaneously. In task manager in the Applications Tab select the program which seems to be causing the problem and click "End Task".

How To Install Mac OS

If you're having issues install updates to your Mac OS there could be many reasons. But some times an easy fix isn't to far away. Normally Mac OS downloads the updates in the background and then once the updates have been downloaded the OS will tell you that you have updates, but some times there are issues that make this type of update fail, this is when a manual update may be required to fix the issues or just to allow for the update to be installed.

Lets start the update procedure up like you would when doing the automatic update. This is done by clicking on the apple icon on the top left side of the screen and then click on "Software Update" this will make a new window open there should be a button with "Check Now" click on it.

This will now check for updates that your Mac needs. Once complete a list of all the available updates will be shown. Remember the list we will use this next when it comes down to picking the updates from the download page. Navigate to the apple support downloads page you should see a list of downloads on the main page and a search bar at the top, go back to your list and copy the update name into that bar, then press enter.

Now the update should show underneath, click on the "Download" button next to the image and the download will start or it will ask you where you want to place the download file, just select the desktop for easy access.

Once it downloads the .DMG file can be run, you click on it and the OS will check the file and verify that everything is ok with the file. Now updates will automatically start opening the install screen now, but some will open a new window showing a.pkg file inside click on it to start the install.

Now the install with normally will open up and tell you that you're about to install the update, click on next to continue on, the next screen is going to be terms and conditions and tells you to make sure you have backed up your data and closed other application. Once you have done this click next, they should be a little screen that pops down from the window asking if you agree with the terms and conditions, click accept.

Now the install should start my configuring the install and then the files start to copy to your hard drive. Some updates require a restart if so on the update list screen there will be a little icon next to the update, so during the installation a window will pop up saying a restart is required, click on restart to continue the installation. If you had to restart the screen will change and all the icons will be removed while the update continues and you will see a small window appear showing the install is still happening. Once this has completed the Mac will restart and the updates will have been installed correctly.

If the install didn't require a restart then you will be taken to a screen that tells you the install has been completed and there should also be a big green tick in the middle of the window. Click on close to finalise the install.

Now to check the updates where completed correctly click on the apple logo on the top left side of the screen and click "Software Update" then click on the "Check now" button if it shows up, the next page should say there are no updates.

How To Install Google Chrome OS

Chrome is one of the most popular web browsers and like other browsers many people are complaining about crashing problem with it. This article will guide you to fix this particular problem.

Follow the methods stated below:

· Re-Install Google Chrome
· Disable Sandbox
· Clean Registry Errors
· Remove Add-Ons and Plugins

Re-Install Google Chrome

Google Chrome crashes if it is corrupted. Re-installing the browser can fix the issue. Before re-installing it first make sure that you uninstall it properly. Whenever a program is being removed from the computer it leaves behind certain root information. This information is often referred as the registry entries. The registry in Windows based operating systems stores important root information of all computer programs. Therefore, after removing the browser, it is also wise to run a registry cleanup scan through a good software. Follow the steps below:

1. Click Start
2. Go to Control Panel
3. In Control Panel click on Programs and Features
4. Right-click on Google Chrome and click un-install
5. Follow the onscreen instructions
6. Restart your PC

Disable Sandbox

Chrome crashes may also be fixed by disabling Sandbox. You can disable sandbox by following the steps below:

1. Right-click on Chrome shortcut on your desktop
2. Go to Properties
3. Click on Shortcut tab
4. You'll see a command in front of target option
5. Here you have to add the command -no-sandbox or -no-process-plugins
6. Click OK button

Clean Registry Errors

Many PC users don't even think that Windows registry can cause any problem but the truth is it can create problems if it contains errors. Windows registry stores all the information about computer in form of keys and Google chrome crashes may also occur if the registry is corrupted. You can remove errors from registry by installing good System Utilities software. This type of software is also good for optimizing computer speed.

Remove Add-Ons and Plugins

Installing too many add-ons can also result in Google Chrome crashes. You can fix this problem by uninstalling or disabling the add-ons. Follow the steps below to disable or uninstall the ad-ons:

1. Open Google chrome
2. Visit the link Chrome://Extensions
3. Click the uninstall or disable button
4. Restart your PC

A quick fix to get rid of Google Chrome crashes is to use a good System Cleaner and PC Optimizer. It's really a very powerful tool that fixes PC software problems in no time. You can download system cleaner from internet.

How to Install an Operating System on a Computer

Now, this tip will be very helpful for those who frequently install windows XP operating system. Normally OS installation takes around 40 minutes to complete, but through this trick you can now save 10-15 minutes. This simple tricks goes this way.

1. Boot through Windows XP CD.

2. After all the files are completely loaded, you get the option to select the partition. Select "c".

3. Now Format the partition, whether it is normal or quick with NTFS or FAT

4. Once the formatting is completed, All the setup files required for installation are copied. Restart your system by pressing Enter.

Now, here begins the Simple trick to save 10-15 minutes.

5. After rebooting, you get a screen where it takes 40 minutes to complete or finalize the OS installation.

6. Now, Press SHIFT + F10 Key -> This opens command prompt.

7. Enter "Taskmgr" at the command prompt window. This will open Task Manager.

8. Click the Process Tab, here we find a process called Setup.exe -> Right Click on Setup.exe -> Set Priority -> Select High or Above Normal. Initially it will be Normal.

That's it, no more work to do. Relax your self and see how fast the installation process completes

So follow above steps you can install windows xp very fast.It will take you hardly around 15 minutes to install it. If you install simple then it may take up- to around 30 minutes. If you face any problem in following above steps,you can ask about anything here or visit my site below in resource box ask there.

parts of a computer

A slightly less crude oversimplification divides a computer into five elements: arithmetic and logic subsystem, control subsystem, main storage, input subsystem, and output subsystem.

• processor
• arithmetic and logic
• control
• main storage
• external storage
• input/output overview
• input
• output                                                          

 

processor

    The processor is the part of the computer that actually does the computations. This is sometimes called an MPU (for main processor unit) or CPU (for central processing unit or central processor unit).

    A processor typically contains an arithmetic/logic unit (ALU), control unit (including processor flags, flag register, or status register), internal buses, and sometimes special function units (the most common special function unit being a floating point unit for floating point arithmetic).

    Some computers have more than one processor. This is called multi-processing.

    The major kinds of digital processors are: CISC, RISC, DSP, and hybrid.

    CISC stands for Complex Instruction Set Computer. Mainframe computers and minicomputers were CISC processors, with manufacturers competing to offer the most useful instruction sets. Many of the first two generations of microprocessors were also CISC.

    RISC stands for Reduced Instruction Set Computer. RISC came about as a result of academic research that showed that a small well designed instruction set running compiled programs at high speed could perform more computing work than a CISC running the same programs (although very expensive hand optimized assembly language favored CISC).

    DSP stands for Digital Signal Processing. DSP is used primarily in dedicated devices, such as MODEMs, digital cameras, graphics cards, and other specialty devices.

    Hybrid processors combine elements of two or three of the major classes of processors.

    For more detailed information on these classes of processors, see processors.

arithmetic and logic

    An arithmetic/logic unit (ALU) performs integer arithmetic and logic operations. It also performs shift and rotate operations and other specialized operations. Usually floating point arithmetic is performed by a dedicated floating point unit (FPU), which may be implemented as a co-processor.

    An arithmetic/logic unit (ALU) performs integer arithmetic and logic operations. It also performs shift and rotate operations and other specialized operations. Usually floating point arithmetic is performed by a dedicated floating point unit (FPU), which may be implemented as a co-processor.

control

    Control units are in charge of the computer. Control units fetch and decode machine instructions. Control units may also control some external devices.

    A bus is a set (group) of parallel lines that information (data, addresses, instructions, and other information) travels on inside a computer. Information travels on buses as a series of electrical pulses, each pulse representing a one bit or a zero bit (there are trinary, or three-state, buses, but they are rare). An internal bus is a bus inside the processor, moving data, addresses, instructions, and other information between registers and other internal components or units. An external bus is a bus outside of the processor (but inside the computer), moving data, addresses, and other information between major components (including cards) inside the computer. Some common kinds of buses are the system bus, a data bus, an address bus, a cache bus, a memory bus, and an I/O bus.

    For more information, see buses.

main storage

    Main storage is also called memory or internal memory (to distinguish from external memory, such as hard drives).

    RAM is Random Access Memory, and is the basic kind of internal memory. RAM is called “random access” because the processor or computer can access any location in memory (as contrasted with sequential access devices, which must be accessed in order). RAM has been made from reed relays, transistors, integrated circuits, magnetic core, or anything that can hold and store binary values (one/zero, plus/minus, open/close, positive/negative, high/low, etc.). Most modern RAM is made from integrated circuits. At one time the most common kind of memory in mainframes was magnetic core, so many older programmers will refer to main memory as core memory even when the RAM is made from more modern technology. Static RAM is called static because it will continue to hold and store information even when power is removed. Magnetic core and reed relays are examples of static memory. Dynamic RAM is called dynamic because it loses all data when power is removed. Transistors and integrated circuits are examples of dynamic memory. It is possible to have battery back up for devices that are normally dynamic to turn them into static memory.

    ROM is Read Only Memory (it is also random access, but only for reads). ROM is typically used to store thigns that will never change for the life of the computer, such as low level portions of an operating system. Some processors (or variations within processor families) might have RAM and/or ROM built into the same chip as the processor (normally used for processors used in standalone devices, such as arcade video games, ATMs, microwave ovens, car ignition systems, etc.). EPROM is Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory, a special kind of ROM that can be erased and reprogrammed with specialized equipment (but not by the processor it is connected to). EPROMs allow makers of industrial devices (and other similar equipment) to have the benefits of ROM, yet also allow for updating or upgrading the software without having to buy new ROM and throw out the old (the EPROMs are collected, erased and rewritten centrally, then placed back into the machines).

    Registers and flags are a special kind of memory that exists inside a processor. Typically a processor will have several internal registers that are much faster than main memory. These registers usually have specialized capabilities for arithmetic, logic, and other operations. Registers are usually fairly small (8, 16, 32, or 64 bits for integer data, address, and control registers; 32, 64, 96, or 128 bits for floating point registers). Some processors separate integer data and address registers, while other processors have general purpose registers that can be used for both data and address purposes. A processor will typically have one to 32 data or general purpose registers (processors with separate data and address registers typically split the register set in half). Many processors have special floating point registers (and some processors have general purpose registers that can be used for either integer or floating point arithmetic). Flags are single bit memory used for testing, comparison, and conditional operations (especially conditional branching). For a much more advanced look at registers, see registers.

    For more information on memory, see memory

external storage

    External storage (also called auxillary storage) is any storage other than main memory. In modern times this is mostly hard drives and removeable media (such as floppy disks, Zip disks, optical media, etc.). With the advent of USB and FireWire hard drives, the line between permanent hard drives and removeable media is blurred. Other kinds of external storage include tape drives, drum drives, paper tape, and punched cards. Random access or indexed access devices (such as hard drives, removeable media, and drum drives) provide an extension of memory (although usually accessed through logical file systems). Sequential access devices (such as tape drives, paper tape punch/readers, or dumb terminals) provide for off-line storage of large amounts of information (or back ups of data) and are often called I/O devices (for input/output).

input/output overview

    Most external devices are capable of both input and output (I/O). Some devices are inherently input-only (also called read-only) or inherently output-only (also called write-only). Regardless of whether a device is I/O, read-only, or write-only, external devices can be classified as block or character devices.

    A character device is one that inputs or outputs data in a stream of characters, bytes, or bits. Character devices can further be classified as serial or parallel. Examples of character devices include printers, keyboards, and mice.

    A serial device streams data as a series of bits, moving data one bit at a time. Examples of serial devices include printers and MODEMs.

    A parallel device streams data in a small group of bits simultaneously. Usually the group is a single eight-bit byte (or possibly seven or nine bits, with the possibility of various control or parity bits included in the data stream). Each group usually corresponds to a single character of data. Rarely there will be a larger group of bits (word, longword, doubleword, etc.). The most common parallel device is a printer (although most modern printers have both a serial and a parallel connection, allowing greater connection flexibility).

    A block device moves large blocks of data at once. This may be physically implemented as a serial or parallel stream of data, but the entire block gets transferred as single packet of data. Most block devices are random access (that is, information can be read or written from blocks anywhere on the device). Examples of random access block devices include hard disks, floppy disks, and drum drives. Examples of sequential access block devcies include magnetic tape drives and high speed paper tape readers.

input

    Input devices are devices that bring information into a computer.

    Pure input devices include such things as punched card readers, paper tape readers, keyboards, mice, drawing tablets, touchpads, trackballs, and game controllers.

    Devices that have an input component include magnetic tape drives, touchscreens, and dumb terminals.

output

    Output devices are devices that bring information out of a computer.

    Pure output devices include such things as card punches, paper tape punches, LED displays (for light emitting diodes), monitors, printers, and pen plotters.

    Devices that have an output component include magnetic tape drives, combination paper tape reader/punches, teletypes, and dumb terminals.